Heater



Oct. 29,` 1940. c. c. GooDRlcH 2,219,557

- HEATER Filed Feb. 2o, 1939 z sheets-sheet 1 nnnnnnnnnnnnmrnnnnnnnlnnnnnnnnnnmnnnnnnnrrnnlrnltlnnnnnrrnnnnnn i: EL

INVENTOR by 'aoR/HA ATTORN EYS Oct. 29, 1940. c. c. GooDRlcH :HEATER myd Feb. fao,` 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENToR 62rd aa/c/s.

BY ,M9070 v g,

ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 29, 1940 I UNITED STATES HEATER Coy C. Goodrich, San Francisco, Calif.` Application Februaryzo, 1939, serial No. asino?.

13 claims. (o1. 122-356) restaurants or similar establishments where itis desirable to have boiling water availablel at an` instants notice, as forrpreparing'cofeeor other hot drinks, although the invention may be ap- '15 plied. to many ,different uses.

More particularly it is proposed v`to Lprovide a .heater in'. which the source of heatfsuchfas agas flame, or the products of combustion rising therefronnare not permitted to act on the water con.- l

v tainer itself directly, but are made to pass through a. largenumber .of fins which absorbthe heat and pass itontothecontainer. This not onlycauses a better and more .exhaustive heat transfer, -lout ,alsoprevents over-heatingof .the container yin spots .and the .formationof limeat those spots.

'Itjsfurther'proposed to lprovide a .construction whereby the products of combustion, .after the extreme heat has .thus been absorbed bythe fins, are diverted and4 guidedtopass around at least a portion of the .containerand between la lar-ge plurality of fins connectedto the vcontainer vfor the transfer of additionalheat units. .-,It is further proposed to .provide a .structure particularly adapted to the method .of heattransfer outlined and to provide `a simple .unit which.'

is economic in space and may be readily .used

wherever it Vis desired to heat water or .other liquids with the greatest efficiency.

Further and other objects and advantagesof myinvention will appear asthe specification proceeds.

'-I'heepreferred forms of myinvention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings `in which: n Figure l shows a top plan view of the preferred form of the invention, Figure 2, a side elevation of the same, Figure 3, a bcttornvplan Viewof the same,

Figurel 4, a section ,taken along line .,4--7-4 vof Figure 2,

yFigure 5, atop planview cfa modified form of my invention, and

Figure 6, a section taken along line lI--I of Figure.

While I have shown only the preferred yforms ofmyinvention, I wish to have it understood that 'Y beyond the tube legs on eitherside thereof.

various changes or modifications may be made within the scope of the claims hereto attached y without departing from the spirit of the inven-y tion.

In its preferred form myheater I comprises 5y a tubular container 2 bent into U. shape to provde two spaced and parallel legs 3 and 4,'.inte`rconnected as at 5 and adapted for connection to a suitable source of liquid supply, as at. The two legs are interconnected by a large 10 plurality of ns l, preferably made of copper and arranged in parallel relation and suircientlyr close to absorb substantially all the heat'units from productsoi combustion made to pass therebetween in the manner hereinafter set forth.l 15' Y While I do not wish to confine myself to any particular dimensions, I might state, by way of example, that in the preferred form used by me the fins are made of relatively thin sheet metal .and are spaced approximately three-sixteenths of 20 an inch apart. y

One of the fins. appears in full view in Figure 4 and is shown as an elongated, substantially rec- ,tangular plate having two spaced, semi-circular recesses 8 in the `upper edge thereof, the recesses 25A serving'as seats for the tube legs and being pro-A vided Awith ilanges .9 by r means of which they are soldered or otherwise secured to the tube legs so as to be in intimate heat exchange relation therer with. I

The lower corners of each iin may be turned vat right angles, asshown at I0 in Figure 6, or small sections may bev similarly bent out of the plane of the sheet, as at il i'n Figure 4, to provide spacing tongues for holding the fins in prop- 35 erly spaced relation.

It will be noted that there is considerable spacing between the tube legs and that the fins eX- tend clear across'the spacing and possibly slightly In the form shown in Figures 1-4 a large tubu- 40 lar container I2 is super-imposed upon the fins abovethe space between the tube legs, this con-f tainer being considerably larger in diameter than the tube legs and being disposed considerablyv water or liquid that has passed through'the tube 50l legs and is connected to the outlet end of the U-Y shaped tube, as at I3. Water may be withdrawn from this container through any suitable outlet indicated at I4.

AThe drawingsshow the container I2 as being 55 PATENT oFFlcE i' 'y slightly spaced from the tube legs at I5, but this spacing should be such as to be negligible as an outlet for the products of combustion, and as a matter of fact, the large container is intended to form a roof or hood over the space between the tube legs so as to provide a dead pocket, which causes products of combustion rising from kthe burner I6 to be diverted and to pass underneath and around the lower faces of the tube legs.

The burner i6 may be of any suitable construction and is shown in its preferred form as a tube extending lengthwise underneath the space between the tube legs 3 and 4 and through the full length thereof. It is centrally located with respect to the spacing between the tube legs and is formed with a central lengthwise slot I1 in its upper face to discharge a ribbon flame which takes a relatively small amount of air from the surrounding atmosphere.

In operation, the products of combustion rise into" the spaces between the fins, without rst coming in direct contact with the legs of the tube. They are nely subdivided bythe iins and the latter immediately absorb the major portion of the heat units carried by the products of combustion` and convey the same to the tube legs for heating the water therein.

After the extreme heat has thus been absorbed, the products of combustion are divided in the dead pocket formed by the superimposed container I2 and pass laterally between the fins and underneath and around the bottom faces of the tube legs to the outside.

The absorption of heat units from the products of l combustion by the fins in my apparatus is practically perfect and exhaustive. A person may place his hand near the sides of the ribbon flame or into 4the exhaust gases and hardly feel the effect of heat.

The water in the tube legs and the superimposed reservoir heats to a boiling point almost instantaneously. With suitable thermostat control, when a kettle of boiling water is withdrawn from the reservoir, it takes only a few seconds for the burner to reheat the water to boiling temperature. K I

Where a suitable hood is provided above the apparatus for endwise discharge of the exhaust gases, the latter emanate in the form of steam vapor at a temperature of approximately 3.40" although the water in the container is boiling and has a temperature of 212 F.

The form shown in Figures 5 and 6 differs from that hereinbefore described insofar as the upper reservoir has been omitted and a mere roof plate IS has been substituted to cover the space between the tube legs 3 and Il, the latter being relied on for forming a dead pocket in the upper region of the iins and for diverting the gases to pass underneath and around the bottom faces of the tube legs. In this form the water enters at one end I9 of the tube and may be withdrawn at the other end, as' at 20.

I claim:

1. In a liquid heater, a container for holding liquid and having iins thereon, means for direct-` ing a flame to pass between the iins for heating the latter in advance of the body of the container, the path of the flame being olf-set relative to the body of the container, whereby the flame is. prevented from directly striking the body of the container and means for guiding the products of combustion to pass around a portion of the container body after the extreme heat has been absorbed by the fins.

2. In a liquid heater, a horizontally disposed tubular container for holding a liquid and having transverse fins projecting laterally therefrom and means for directing a flame to pass between the ns without directly striking the body of the container.

3. In a liquid heater, a horizontally disposed tubular container for holding a liquid and having transverse fins projecting laterally and downwardly therefrom, means for directing a flame to pass between the lateral iin sections without directly striking the container body and means for guiding the products of combustion to thereafter pass around the lower body portion of the container and between the downwardly presented nn sections.

4. In a liquid heater, a pair of tubular liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of ns connecting the containers and extending across the spacing between the containers, and a roof over said spacing extending substantially from one tube to the other.

5. In a liquidheater, a pair of tubular liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of fins connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween and means for directing a llame to rise in the spacing without the llame directly striking the containers.

6. In a liquid heater, a pair of tubular liquid containersarranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of fins connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween, means for directing a llame to cause its products of combustion to first rise through the spacing without the flame directly striking the containers, and a roof being provided above said spacing to `cause the products of combustion to be diverted and to pass aroundthe bottom faces of the containers, the fins being extended to project below the bottom faces of the containers.

7. In a liquid heater, a pair of tubular liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of fins connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween, means for directing a flame to cause its products of combustion to first 'rise through the spacing without the llame directly striking the containers, and a roof being provided above said spacing to cause the vproducts of combustion to be diverted andto pass around the bottom faces of the containers, the fins being extended to project below the bottom faces of the containers and the roof comprising a tubular reservoir for the heated liquid having communication with the containers. Y

. 8. In a liquid heater, a pair of tubes arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a third tube overlying the spacing between the said tubes and substantially contacting with the latter to form a roof between said pair of tubes, and a series of transverse fins projecting downwardly from the pair of tubes and con ecting the same with the third tube.

9. Inar liquid heater, a plurality of ns artral plane and between the tubes.

10. In a' liquid heater, a tube turned upon itself to present two spaced and parallel legs, means for passing a liquid through the tube, a third tube overlying the spacing between the said legs and substantially contacting with the latter to form a roof between said legs and being connected to the outlet of the first tube, means for directing a flame to pass between the legs and means interposed between the legs and the third tube for absorbing heat units from the products of combustion and for conveying the heat to the tubes.

11. In a liquid heater, a pair ofsubstantially horizontally-disposed liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of spaced fins connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween, and a burner mounted beneath the ns and paralleling the containers, the burner being made to direct a ribbon-like iiame against-the fins substantially along the central vertical plane between the containers, whereby direct contact of the flame with the containers is prevented.

12. In a liquid heater, a pair of substantially horizontally-disposed liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation, a plurality of spaced ns connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween, a burner mounted beneath the ns andjparalleling the containers, the burner being made to direct a ribbon-like flame against the ns substantially along the central vertical plane between the containers, whereby direct contactof the flame with the containers is prevented, and a roof overlying the fins and bridging the space substantially from one container to the other.

13. In a liquid heater, a pair of substantially horizontally-disposed liquid containers arranged in spaced and parallel relation,` a plurality of spaced iins connecting the containers and extending across the spacing therebetween, a burner mounted beneath the fins and paralleling the containers, the burner being made to direct a ribbon-like ame againstv the iins substantially along the central Vertical'plane between the containers, whereby direct contact of the ilame with the containers is prevented, and a roof overlying the fins and bridging the space substantially from one container to the other, theroof being supported on the tops of the i'lns.

COY C. GOODRICI-I. 

